Chapter 4 The Colonies Grow I. New England Colonies (Pages 100- 103) A. Immigration was an important factor to the growth of the colonies. Between 1607and 1775, almost a million people came to live in the colonies. The colonies also grew as parents had larger families, more babies survived childhood diseases, and people began living longer. B. Most New Englanders lived in towns. Each town had a meetinghouse facing a green, or common, where cows grazed and the army trained. The meetinghouse was used for both town meetings and church services. C.The soil in New England made farming difficult. Farming produced just enough to meet the needs of families. This was called "subsistence farming." The farms in New England were also smaller than in the South. D. Small businesses thrived. Skilled craftspeople, such as blacksmiths, furniture makers, and printers, started businesses. Women often produced extra candles, garments, and soup to sell or trade. E. Shipbuilding and fishing were important industries. Trade with Northern and Southern Colonies and with the West Indies centered in northern coastal cities. Trade with the colonies and Europe also centered in northern coastal cities. For example, manufactured goods from Europe were traded for fish, furs, and fruit from New England. F.The triangular trade route developed. Ships brought sugar and molasses from the West Indies to New England where the molasses was made into rum. From New England, rum and other manufactured foods were shipped to West Africa. On the second leg in Africa, these goods were traded for enslaved Africans. On the last leg, the enslaved Africans were taken to the West Indies where they were sold to planters. The profit was used to buy more molasses, and the triangular trade continued. G. One of the worst parts of the triangular trade was called the Middle Passage. Enslaved Africans endured inhumane treatment and conditions during the voyage across the Atlantic. II. The Middle Colonies (Pages 103-104) A. Farms in these colonies were larger than in New England. As a result, they produced greater quantities of cash crops. B. The port cities of New York and Philadelphia became busy with the wheat and livestock that was shipped from them. C. Lumbering, mining, small-scale manufacturing, and home-based crafts were major industries of the region. D. Religious and cultural differences existed here. Immigrants from Germany, Holland, Sweden, and other non-English countries provided a cultural diversity not found in New England.
The Colonies Grow
I. New England Colonies (Pages 100- 103)
A. Immigration was an important factor to the growth of the colonies. Between 1607and
1775, almost a million people came to live in the colonies. The colonies also grew as
parents had larger families, more babies survived childhood diseases, and people
began living longer.
B. Most New Englanders lived in towns. Each town had a meetinghouse facing a green,
or common, where cows grazed and the army trained. The meetinghouse was used
for both town meetings and church services.
C. The soil in New England made farming difficult. Farming produced just enough to
meet the needs of families. This was called "subsistence farming." The farms in New
England were also smaller than in the South.
D. Small businesses thrived. Skilled craftspeople, such as blacksmiths, furniture makers,
and printers, started businesses. Women often produced extra candles, garments, and
soup to sell or trade.
E. Shipbuilding and fishing were important industries. Trade with Northern and Southern
Colonies and with the West Indies centered in northern coastal cities. Trade with the
colonies and Europe also centered in northern coastal cities. For example, manufactured
goods from Europe were traded for fish, furs, and fruit from New England.
F. The triangular trade route developed. Ships brought sugar and molasses from the
West Indies to New England where the molasses was made into rum. From New
England, rum and other manufactured foods were shipped to West Africa. On the
second leg in Africa, these goods were traded for enslaved Africans. On the last leg,
the enslaved Africans were taken to the West Indies where they were sold to planters.
The profit was used to buy more molasses, and the triangular trade continued.
G. One of the worst parts of the triangular trade was called the Middle Passage. Enslaved
Africans endured inhumane treatment and conditions during the voyage across the
Atlantic.
II. The Middle Colonies (Pages 103-104)
A. Farms in these colonies were larger than in New England. As a result, they produced
greater quantities of cash crops.
B. The port cities of New York and Philadelphia became busy with the wheat and livestock
that was shipped from them.
C. Lumbering, mining, small-scale manufacturing, and home-based crafts were major
industries of the region.
D. Religious and cultural differences existed here. Immigrants from Germany, Holland,
Sweden, and other non-English countries provided a cultural diversity not found in
New England.